Pex pipe water hammer: the ultimate guide to prevention and repair

PEX pipe water hammer is a common plumbing problem that can cause loud banging noises and damage to your pipes. It occurs when water flowing through a pipe is suddenly stopped, creating a shockwave that travels through the pipe. While PEX pipes are known for their flexibility and durability, they are not immune to water hammer. This guide will delve into the causes, consequences, and effective solutions to prevent PEX pipe water hammer, empowering you to maintain a quiet and functioning plumbing system.

Causes of PEX Pipe Water Hammer

• Sudden Closure of Faucets or Valves: When a faucet or valve is closed abruptly, the water flow is abruptly halted, generating a pressure surge that can lead to water hammer.
• Malfunctioning Water Hammer Arrestors: Water hammer arrestors are devices installed to absorb shockwaves in the pipes. If they become faulty or are not properly sized, they may fail to prevent water hammer.
• Improperly Secured Pipes: Loose or unsupported pipes can vibrate excessively when water flows through them, increasing the likelihood of water hammer.
• Air Pockets in the Pipes: Air pockets can create pockets of compressible gas within the pipes, amplifying the impact of water flow changes and leading to water hammer.

Consequences of PEX Pipe Water Hammer

• Loud Banging Noises: Water hammer can produce loud, disruptive noises that can be particularly bothersome during quiet hours or while sleeping.
• Pipe Damage: Over time, repeated water hammer can weaken and damage PEX pipes, increasing the risk of leaks and bursts.
• Appliance Damage: Water hammer can put stress on appliances connected to the plumbing system, potentially causing premature failure or damage.
• Reduced Water Pressure: Water hammer can restrict water flow, resulting in reduced water pressure throughout the house.

Prevention and Solutions for PEX Pipe Water Hammer

• Install Water Hammer Arrestors: Water hammer arrestors are essential devices that absorb pressure surges and prevent water hammer. Ensure they are properly sized and installed at vulnerable points in the plumbing system.
• Secure Pipes Properly: All pipes should be securely fastened to prevent excessive vibration. Use pipe clamps or supports to stabilize the pipes and minimize movement.
• Eliminate Air Pockets: Air pockets can be removed by bleeding the pipes. Open faucets or valves at the highest points in the plumbing system to release trapped air.
• Use Soft-Closing Faucets and Valves: Soft-closing fixtures gradually shut off water flow, reducing the impact and likelihood of water hammer.
• Consider a Pressure-Reducing Valve: If water pressure in the house is excessive, installing a pressure-reducing valve can help mitigate water hammer by regulating the incoming water pressure.
• Upgrade to Cross-Linked Polyethylene (PEX-C) Pipes: PEX-C pipes are more flexible and resistant to water hammer than standard PEX pipes, making them a suitable choice for areas prone to this issue.

Troubleshooting PEX Pipe Water Hammer

If you suspect water hammer in your PEX pipe system, follow these troubleshooting steps:

• Identify the Source: Listen for the location of the banging noises to pinpoint the affected pipe or fixture.
• Check for Loose Pipes: Inspect all pipes for any loose connections or supports. Tighten any loose fittings or install additional supports.
• Test Water Hammer Arrestors: Close a faucet or valve abruptly and listen for a brief “clunk” sound. If the sound is absent, the arrestor may be faulty and need replacement.
• Bleed Air Pockets: Open faucets or valves at the highest points in the plumbing system and allow water to flow until all air is released.

Beyond Water Hammer: Other Causes of Pipe Noise

While water hammer is a common cause of pipe noise, it’s not the only one. Other potential causes include:

• Expansion and Contraction: Pipes can expand and contract due to temperature changes, creating noises as they move.
• Water Flow Turbulence: High-velocity water flow can create turbulent noises within the pipes.
• Loose Fixtures: Loose faucets, showerheads, or toilets can vibrate and produce noise.
• Plumbing Leaks: Leaks can generate hissing or dripping sounds.

Summary: Maintaining a Quiet and Trouble-Free Plumbing System

Water hammer in PEX pipes can be a nuisance and a potential threat to the integrity of your plumbing system. By understanding the causes, consequences, and effective solutions presented in this guide, you can prevent, troubleshoot, and resolve water hammer issues. Remember, a well-maintained plumbing system is essential for a comfortable and worry-free living environment.

Questions We Hear a Lot

Q: Can PEX pipes burst from water hammer?
A: While PEX pipes are more resistant to water hammer than other types of pipes, repeated or severe water hammer can eventually weaken and damage them, increasing the risk of leaks or bursts.

Q: How can I reduce water hammer in my PEX pipes?
A: Installing water hammer arrestors, securing pipes properly, eliminating air pockets, using soft-closing fixtures, and considering a pressure-reducing valve are effective strategies to reduce water hammer.

Q: What is the difference between water hammer and air hammer in pipes?
A: Water hammer is caused by a sudden change in water flow, while air hammer is caused by trapped air in the pipes. Both can produce banging noises, but they have different underlying causes and solutions.